Diabetic Retinopathy is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to vision impairment or even blindness if left untreated. Caused by high blood sugar levels damaging the blood vessels in the retina, this condition can develop silently.

 Causes?

When blood sugar levels remain high, blood vessels in the retina can weaken, swell, or leak fluid. In advanced stages, abnormal blood vessels may grow on the retina, leading to vision problems and potentially severe complications like retinal detachment or glaucoma.

 Symptoms?

In its early stages, diabetic retinopathy often has no noticeable symptoms. As it progresses, you may experience:

• Blurred or     fluctuating vision
• Dark spots or     “floaters”
• Impaired color     vision
• Vision loss in     both eyes

Sincesymptoms often don’t appear until the condition is advanced, regular eye examsare essential.

WhoIs at Risk?

Anyonewith diabetes—Type 1, Type 2, or gestational diabetes.

Risk increases with:

• Poor blood     sugar control
• High blood     pressure and cholesterol
• Pregnancy
• Long duration     of diabetes

Preventionand Management

Thebest prevention strategies involve controlling blood sugar, blood pressure, andcholesterol. Regular eye exams can detect early signs of diabetic retinopathy,especially in those who have had diabetes for several years. Lifestyleadjustments and proper diabetes management are key to preventing itsprogression.

TreatmentOptions

Treatmentdepends on the severity of the condition:

• Laser     Treatment: Used to seal leaking blood vessels or shrink abnormal ones.
• Injections:     Anti-VEGF medications reduce swelling and slow disease progression.
• Surgery: In     advanced cases, vitrectomy surgery may be necessary to remove scar tissue     or blood from the retina.

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